![]() ![]() This printing process was limited to use on flat, porous surfaces because the printing plates were produced from limestone. Lithography was initially created to be an inexpensive method of reproducing artwork. In 1907, he successfully started printing in Germany on his Triumph sheetfed offset press. Rubel's contemporary in Europe was Kašpar Hermann (also Kaspar), the author of the offset machine prototype (1904), holder of a patent for an offset disc machine (two rubber transfer rollers facing each other) – rolling-press. The modern "web" process feeds a large reel of paper through a large press machine in several parts, typically for several meters, which then prints continuously as the paper is fed through.ĭevelopment of the offset press came in two versions: in 1875 by Robert Barclay of England for printing on tin and in 1904 by Ira Washington Rubel of the United States for printing on paper. Ink rollers transfer ink to the image areas of the image carrier, while a water roller applies a water-based film to the non-image areas. ![]() When used in combination with the lithographic process, which is based on the repulsion of oil and water, the offset technique employs a flat ( planographic) image carrier. The Operation Of This Machine Is Fast, Convenient And SimpleĦ.Offset printing is a common printing technique in which the inked image is transferred (or "offset") from a plate to a rubber blanket and then to the printing surface. It Can Free From The Printing Roller Change. Adopts Exact Servo Control System Which Can Ensure The Stabilization When The Printing Material In The Printing Process. PS Plate Intermittent Printing Adopted, Hits The High-Level Demands Whatever High, Mid Or Low Capacity Printing Task, And It Is An Ideal Choice For Print Firms To Produce The High-Grade Adhesive Labelsĥ. By High-Precision Photocells, The Machine Ensures Multi-Register Print On Both Side, Make The Possibility Of Label Pattern VarietyĤ. Super Large Printing Area: 300X350, The Maximum Perimeter Could Be Reached At 350mmģ. ![]() Largely Saves Time And Materials When Adjust The Color RegisterĢ. ![]() The Machine Adopts PS Intermittence Printing, Suitable For Printing Various Batches Of High-Quality Labelsġ.The Only Work Is To Input The Printing Length On The Main Control Panel, Every Printing Unit Will Be Motioned To The Presetting Position Automatically. Every Printing Unit Will Automatically Move To The Preset Positions If Printing Length Is Input On The Main Console, Greatly Saving Time And Materials During Overprinting AdjustmentĦ. The Touch Control Computer, Quicker Operating Speed, 12inch Ultra Large Display Area, Variable Human-Machine Dialogue Contents And Multidirectional Inspection Display Interface Make The Simpler Operation And Real-Time Display Of Various Fault Signals Available, Greatly Reducing Checking And Repairing Timeĥ. To Make The Printed Products Much Glossier, Customers Can Adopt Complete Polishing And Partial Polishing According To DemandsĤ. It Can Select Varnish Polishing Unit And Rotary Die Cutting Unit. It Adopts Truly High Quality Heavy-Duty Offset Printing Units Consisting Of 19 Pieces Of Ink Rollers (Including 4 Pieces Of Form Rollers) And 4 Pieces Of Water Rollersģ. Paper Printing, Card Printing, Label Printingįeatures Of This Offset Printing Machines:ġ.Every Machine Unit Is Driven By Independent Servo Motor And The Whole Machine Adopts 14 Servo Motors (Six-Color Machines) In Total, Guaranteeing High Precision Overprinting In High Speed Rotation.Ģ. Lubrication System: Centralized Automatic Lubrication. Control System: Apply Electronic Component From Famous International Brand To Guarantee Long Term Reliable Operation. Easy To Operate: Equipped With Sliding Touch Screen Control Station Which Can Be Moving Around To Increase The Efficiency Of Operator. Pre-Register System: Based Upon The Printing Length, Log Data Into The Sliding Control Station, Each Unit Will Automatically Be Adjusted To Its Ready Position. Each Unit Is With Independent Servo Driven System. The Offset Printing Machine Is Using Most Advanced Inking System Which Has 23 Inking Rolls, Four Large Diameter Form Rolls Included And \Alcohol Damping System To Guarantee Printing Quality. This Offset Printing Machine Is Specializing Printing The Label. Paper Printing, Card Printing, Label Printing ![]()
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![]() ![]() According to ICD-10 guidelines, no external cause code from Chapter 20 is needed if the external cause and intent are included in a code from another chapter. S50.861A Insect bite of right forearm, initial encounterĬode W57.XXX- (A, D, or S), bitten or stung by nonvenomous insect and other nonvenomous arthropods, is an external cause code used to describe the cause of an injury or other health condition.S70.362A Insect bite (nonvenomous), left thigh, initial encounter.S30.861A insect bite of the abdomen, initial encounter.S30.860A Insect bite (nonvenomous) of lower back and pelvis, initial encounter.S00.262A Insect bite (nonvenomous) of left eyelid and periocular area, initial encounter.As ICD-10 does not provide a combination code for indicating insect bites to multiple sites, separate codes should be reported for each affected body site with the seventh character added to describe the particular encounter. To report a bug bite, the first code on the claim form should be an S code which indicates the location of the bite. ICD-10 Chapter 19 contains the codes for Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S00-T98). According to a recent New York Times report, the number of people getting diseases transmitted by mosquito, tick and flea bites has more than tripled in the United States in recent years. ![]() Bug bites: Warm weather promotes breeding of mosquitoes and ticks leading to faster spread of various diseases.Here we discuss the ICD-10 codes for five common summer-related complaints: bug bites, Lyme disease, recreational water illnesses (RWIs), poison ivy rash, and sun burn. From insect bites to sunburn to dehydration and fractures, physicians’ practices and their medical coding companies need to be ready to code for a host of summer ailments. Fun-filled outdoor activities in summer can also bring certain perils. ![]() ![]() ![]() Yes, it's a good idea to have one litter box per cat, plus an extra one. You should try to scoop the box every day and refill it with fresh litter to keep the litter level consistent.ĭo I need multiple litter boxes if I have more than one cat? The ideal frequency will depend on how many cats you have, what type of litter you use, and how often you scoop the box. How often should you change kitty litter?Ĭhange your cat's litter once a week or every other week. Non-clumping, dust-free, or fragrance-free litter may be better for cats or people with allergies, and paper pellet litter is often recommended for young kittens. Clumping or scoopable cat litter is popular because it makes it easy to remove solid and liquid waste from the box every day. The best cat litter will depend on your cat's preferences and your household's needs. FAQs about Cat Litter and Waste Management: And with our convenient online ordering and in-store pickup, it's never been easier to keep your cat's litter box clean and odor-free. From traditional open-top litter boxes, covered litter boxes, and self-cleaning automatic litter boxes, Pet Supplies Plus has you covered. They provide a designated area for your cat to do their business, keeping your home clean and free of unpleasant odors. Self-Cleaning and Scoop-Free Litter – Self-cleaning and automatic litter boxes make it easier to clean your cat’s litter box.Īlong with cat litter, litter boxes are an essential accessory for any cat owner. Multi-Cat Litter – Multi-cat litter is great when you have multiple cats who share litter boxes. However, it can be less dusty than clay litter and may be a good option for cats with respiratory problems. Non-clumping litter - This type of litter does not clump together when wet, making it more difficult to scoop out of the litter box. However, some cats may be sensitive to the fragrance and refuse to use the litter box. Scented litter - Some cat litter is scented to help mask odors. It's highly absorbent and clumps together when wet, making it easy to scoop out of the litter box. Here are some of the most common types:Ĭlumping litter - This is one of the most popular types of cat litter. When it comes to cat litter, there are several different types available on the market, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Whether you have a new kitten or a multi-cat household, we can guide you in choosing the right litter for your pet's needs. Whether you're looking for clumping or non-clumping litter, litter liners and mats, filters, or deodorizers, we have everything you need to keep your home smelling fresh. That's why we carry a wide variety of cat litter and waste management products from top brands like Arm & Hammer, Tidy Cat, Play On, and Fresh Step. At Pet Supplies Plus, we know how important it is to keep your cat's litter box clean and odor-free. ![]() ![]() ![]() Limbic certainly seems keen to see the game evolve over time. 9 highly effective towers, together with a rail gun, missile launcher. I'm hopeful to see more balancing in future updates, if the regular support of the original TowerMadness is anything to go by. 7 campaigns on various environments, every with distinctive gameplay challenges. There's fun to be had once one looks past that, but it's something to be aware of. However, it's a title that occasionally straddles freemium elements with premium elements too readily. More attractive than its predecessor and with new towers to mix things up with, TowerMadness 2 is still an appealing and quite lovable Tower Defense game. It's similar to the techniques used by the Fieldrunners series and just as satisfying to figure out. Similarly, the paths in which the aliens can wander get more convoluted, requiring one to plan a route for them to weave around as long as possible. The ultimate TD arsenal 16 different alien enemies with unique abilities and. ![]() It also makes things a little trickier, reducing the reliance upon buying expensive rail guns to do all the work. 9 powerful towers, including rail gun, missile launcher, plasma gun, stun gun. The game mechanics are simple you need to set a defense line formed by towers to stop the advance of the aliens, before they manage to abduct our sheep. In this case, we must protect a flock of sheep from being abducted by aliens. Play the icy stages and watch as the towers freeze up. Tower Madness 2 is a defense game with a similar style as Kingdom Rush or Plants vs Zombies. For instance, work through the desert stages and overheating issues arise with the need to cool down towers often. While combining in-app purchases with a fixed price to buy the game isn't anything new, it's still something that could make one feel fleeced (yes, I went there).Ĥ0 different levels are available in all, covering different landscapes and offering some variety. That's also where the in-app purchases emerge with it possible to buy those slots and upgrades immediately, as well as buy a wool doubler to speed things up and circumvent some grinding. Wool proves quite vital here, opening up new upgrades as well as extra slots to enable one to use numerous different towers. In each case, such towers can be upgraded (first via spending wool to unlock the upgrade) before using currency during battle to upgrade them for that stage. Support towers are newly available, such as a stun gun and shrink tower that slows the enemy's progress. Laser firing rail guns play an (expensive) part along with plasma rifles and more conventional mortars. The type of towers that can be purchased are quite futuristic in nature. It proves more entertaining than simply dealing with a regular war situation. It's a humorous concept, and it's reinforced through some entertaining character descriptions. At times it's disheartening to see so many in-app purchases emerge in a title priced at $4.99, but for the most part it's still pretty entertaining.Īs before, the crux of the game is centered around protecting sheep from sinister aliens. It's a solidly dependable Tower Defense game, much like its predecessor. More of the same yet different sounds like a lazy contradiction, but to an extent that sums up TowerMadness 2 nicely. We appreciate your support, but we won’t pressure you to buy anything inside the game.Price: $4.99 (currently on sale at $2.99) Play with a gamepad for a console like gaming experience.Īll In-App Purchases are strictly optional. Save your game progress and restore it to any of your iCloud enabled devices. Xen the shopkeeper offers you special deals on the latest alien weapon technology so you can give the invaders a taste of their own medicine!ĭesigned for iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad. Introducing Bo the ram, a powerful new defender against the alien invasion. Updated versions of your favorite original Tower Madness weapons like the flamethrower, plus all new towers including the Stun Gun, Shrink Tower, and more!ġ6 different alien enemies with unique abilities and weaknesses. ![]() Tower Madness 2 boasts 70 exciting maps to master over 7 campaigns on varying environments, each with unique gameplay challenges. Protect your flock using quick thinking and an arsenal of awesome weapons. The aliens are back, and this time they’re on a mission to turn your beloved sheep into sweaters for their emperor! The sequel to the hit tower strategy adventure TowerMadness is finally here. ![]() ![]() ![]() The theme of this activity is based on traditional Mid-Autumn Festival culture, focusing around four major section which include “Mid-Autumn Festival Classics”, “Food Delicacies of Mid-Autumn”,“Mid-Autumn Ode to Music”, “Mid-Autumn Poetry and Chorale”, promoting culture and tourism through virtual exhibitions, online concerts, food workshops, short videos, mini training classes and other forms of rich and colorful activities. The Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in the UAE invites you to join Mid-Autumn Festival cultural event series “Mid-Autumn Festival: A Moon-moment to Remember” hosted by the Bureau of International Exchange and Cooperation of China’s Ministry of Culture and Tourism, jointly organized by the Network of International Culturalink Entities, overseas China Cultural Centers and China Tourism Offices. With ancient legends and touching stories, it embodies mankind's vision for a harmonious and happy life. The Mid-Autumn Festival is an important traditional festival of the Chinese nation. Since then, the custom of sacrificing to the moon has been spread among the folklore."A Moon-moment to Remember"Series of Activities for 2021 Mid-Autumn Festival After hearing that Chang E became a goddess, folk people also offered sacrifices to Chang E to pray for peace and good luck. He took the food liked by Chang E to an altar and offered it as a sacrifice for her. He was amazed to see a figure which looked just like his wife appeared in the Moon. On realizing what happened to his wife, Hou Yi was so grieved that he shouted Chang E’s name to the sky. Chang E’s great love for her husband drew her towards the Moon, which is the nearest place to the earth on the heaven. The moment she drank it, she flew out of the window and up into the sky. Knowing that she could not win, she took out the elixir and swallowed it immediately. Unfortunately, Peng Meng secretly saw Hou Yi give the potion to his wife and three days later, while Hou Yi was out hunting, Peng Meng rushed into the backyard and demanded that Chang E hand over the elixir. Instead of drinking the potion himself, Hou Yi took it home and presented it to Chang E to keep. Wangmu presented him an elixir which, if took, would cause him to ascend immediately to heaven and become a god/goddess. One day, Hou Yi came upon Wangmu (the queen of heaven) on the way to meet his old friend. Later, Hou Yi married a beautiful and kind-hearted woman named Chang E and lived a happy life. On hearing of this amazing feat and the hero who performed it, people came from far and wide to learn from him. It was the hero Hou Yi, who, owing to his great strength, shot down nine of the ten suns. It is said that in ancient times, ten suns existed and the extreme heat made people’s lives very difficult. ![]() ![]() The story of Chang E is the most widely accepted tale regarding the moon and the origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Here below one of the most popular legend that usually related to the moon and widely told during the festival days. During the festival, people sacrifice these cookies to the moon as offerings, eat them for celebration and present them to relatives and friends for good wishes. Generally, it is round, as the Mid- Autumn Festival is a time for family reunion, and “round” has a similar pronunciation with “reunion” in Chinese. It is a kind of cookie with various fillings and different artistic patterns on the surface depicting the legends of the festival. As with every Chinese festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival has its own special food – moon cake. ![]() ![]() Case in point: the life regeneration active skill that can be handy if you’re fighting tough bosses. There’s a pretty good chance you might miss some key upgrades and skills if you blaze through this section. The latter lets you reflect projectiles and also get a boost in the air via the Left Bumper. This is the starting point where you get all your basic skills, from your attacks to your traversal methods like the double jump and the bash. Just pause the game at the very start of the game and select “Skip Prologue”. Speaking of skipping, you can shave off a good 15-minutes and get to the game if you’re not a story guy or gal. Whichever mode you pick, you’ll have fun with the game’s traversal and platforming. ![]() If you feel incredibly confident and don’t mind dying a lot in the later parts, start a new game on Hard. If you die a lot before you reach Kwolok’s Hollow, maybe you should tone it down. Here’s one way to gauge whether you can tone it down or crank it up: play through an hour of the game. Normal difficulty is still the way to go if this is your first time playing the game heck, even if you’ve played Ori and the Blind Forest, we still recommend Normal mode. But keep in mind: difficulty affects the damage you take from enemies and hazards. You cannot switch the game’s difficulty halfway, just so you know. Can’t make the entire journey a walk in the park now, can we? Sort Out Your Difficulty Level First We assume you’re playing on Normal because that’s the best way to experience the game. However, the kid’s gloves come off after the two-hour mark once you get your Bash skill.įortunately, we have some tips and tricks to sort you out on your spirit-faring journey. And it’s a joy to control and play according to our resident 2D Metroidvania guy Mr Toffee. ![]() Ori and the Will of the Wisp (or Ori 2) is a marvel to look at in action. ![]() ![]() You can get an idea of L.A.’s own Alice-themed pop-up, below, thanks to this video by our colleagues at Time Out Sydney who checked out the curiouser-and-curiouser Wonderland Bar last year. The Mad Hatter (also referred to as 'Jervis Tetch') is a supervillain and enemy of the Batman in DC comic books, making his first appearance in the October 1948 (49) release of Batman. What’s more, tickets will also include the “Eat Me” cake, though we can’t promise it’ll make you grow the size of a house. ![]() You’ll be sipping on the likes of the Teapot, which involves limoncello, triple sec, orange, cranberry and lemon, and the vodka-based Painting Cocktail with vanilla and passionfruit, which gets topped with a white chocolate foam. We don’t know exactly how it’ll compare to the Sydney version, but we do know there’ll be riddles, activities such as painting the roses red, and plenty of photographable moments, not to mention tea-inspired cocktails overflowing with fog from dry ice.Įvery ticket runs $45 and will include two drinks, plus a welcome-to-the-party jello shot. ![]() pop-up, called Alice: An Immersive Cocktail Experience, will run 90 minutes long and take place in an undisclosed location somewhere in the city. Some of the Mad Hatter tea party ideas for food included asparagus spears served as sprouting grasses out of flower pots, mini Mad Hatter cupcakes with fondant red roses on buttercream frosting, individual cups of colorful fruit trifles and croissant sandwiches with tarragon chicken salad. (We hear you’ll even be playing it with faux flamingos.)Įvents companies Viral Ventures-which is currently running a wizard-themed pop-up bar in Hollywood-is bringing a Mad Hatter-inspired cocktail soirée to Los Angeles this fall and offering a taste of their popular Wonderland Bar in Sydney: a three-floor dive into Alice and Wonderland with rentable themed rooms, a full bar of tea cocktails and even high tea. This October, an immersive Alice in Wonderland-themed bar is heading to town, complete with cocktails, games, puzzles, plenty of photo ops and even a round of the Queen of Hearts’ favorite game, croquet. ![]() Some of our best bars are starting to reopen for every occasion and scenario you can imagine, and if you’re specifically looking to travel down a rabbit hole in order to get a cocktail, L.A.’s got you covered there, too. Mad Hatters Tea Party, exotic pendant (19) 94.00 FREE shipping Mad Hatter Tea Cup Earrings (1.1k) 19.99 3.25 Mad Hatter Tea Party SELF ADHESIVE Disney Inspired Chenille Patches DIY (1.7k) 5.39 5.99 (10 off) Alice in Wonderland SVG, Wonderland svg, Alice svg, Mad Hatter svg, Wonderland svg. ![]() ![]() The structure collapses into the warehouse where Moriarty is holding Holmes captive. Watson uses the cannon he was hiding behind to destroy the watchtower in which Moran is concealed. ![]() Holmes spells out Moriarty's plot, revealing that the Professor acquired shares in multiple war profiteering companies and intends to instigate a major world war to make himself a fortune. At the factory, Moriarty captures, interrogates and tortures Holmes while Watson fights Moran. Holmes spies on Moriarty, learning he is travelling to Germany. Meinhard's death grants Moriarty ownership of Meinhard's arms factory in Germany. The bomb was a cover for the assassination of Alfred Meinhard by Moran. However, the bomb is in a nearby hotel its explosion kills a number of businessmen. The trio follow Holmes' deduction that the bomb is in the Paris Opera. Simza takes the pair to the headquarters of an anarchist group to which she and René belonged the anarchists have been forced to plant bombs for Moriarty. Holmes tells Simza that she has been targeted because René is working for Moriarty and may have told her his plans. After defeating Moriarty's men, Holmes and Watson travel to Paris and locate Simza. Holmes throws Mary from the train into a river, where she is rescued by Mycroft. Moriarty's men attack Watson and Mary on a train to their honeymoon to Brighton. Moriarty taunts Holmes about murdering Adler, and that he will kill Watson and Mary due to Holmes' interference, with Holmes vowing to defeat him. After the wedding of Watson and Mary Morstan, Holmes meets Moriarty for the first time. Holmes defeats an assassin sent to kill Simza and she departs. After meeting with his brother Mycroft at Watson's bachelor party, Holmes meets with Gypsy fortune-teller Madame Simza, the intended recipient of the letter he took from Adler, sent by her brother René. Watson at 221B Baker Street that he is investigating seemingly unrelated murders, terrorist attacks and business acquisitions that he has connected to Moriarty. Adler meets with Professor Moriarty to explain the events, but Moriarty, deeming her compromised, poisons and kills her. Hoffmanstahl is assassinated by Moriarty's henchman, Sebastian Moran. Holmes takes the letter while Adler and Hoffmanstahl escape. Hoffmanstahl opens the package, triggering a bomb that is prevented from detonating by Sherlock Holmes. Hoffmanstahl, payment for completing a recent surgery, while Hoffmanstahl hands Adler a letter. In 1891, Irene Adler delivers a package to Dr. A third film is currently in development hell. Though the film received mixed reviews from critics, with praise for the action scenes and the performances of Downey Jr., Law and Harris, but criticism over the poor use of Fry, Rapace, McAdams and Kelly Reilly, it was commercially successful, with a worldwide gross of over $543 million. In the film, Holmes and Watson travel across Europe with a Romani adventuress to foil an intricate plot by their cunning nemesis, Professor Moriarty, to instigate a major European conflict. Although the film follows an original premise, it incorporates more closely elements of Conan Doyle's short stories, including " The Final Problem" (1893) and " The Adventure of the Empty House" (1903). and Jude Law reprised their roles as Holmes and Watson, respectively, alongside Noomi Rapace as Madame Simza "Sim" Heron, Stephen Fry as Mycroft Holmes, Jared Harris as Professor Moriarty, and Rachel McAdams as Irene Adler. ![]() The film's screenplay was written by Michele Mulroney and Kieran Mulroney. The film is directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows is a 2011 period mystery action film and the sequel to the 2009 film Sherlock Holmes, both which star Robert Downey Jr. ![]() ![]() In Team Explorer, select Home and choose Branches. You can use Git features from either interface interchangeably. To use Team Explorer, uncheck Tools > Options > Preview Features > New Git user experience from the menu bar. Visual Studio 2019 version 16.8 and later versions provides a Git version control experience while maintaining the Team Explorer Git user interface. Visual Studio 2019 provides a Git version control experience by using the Git menu, Git Changes, and through context menus in Solution Explorer. You can either resolve the conflicts, or cancel the rebase and return to the pre-rebase state. If the rebase is halted due to merge conflicts, Visual Studio will notify you. Visual Studio will display a confirmation message after a successful rebase. Right-click the source branch, and select Rebase onto. In the Git Repository window, right-click the target branch and select Checkout. For more information, see the Visual Studio 2019 - Team Explorer tab.Ĭhoose Git > Manage Branches to open the Git Repository window. Visual Studio 2019 version 16.8 also offers the Team Explorer Git user interface. Visual Studio 2022 provides a Git version control experience by using the Git menu, Git Changes, and through context menus in Solution Explorer. Your team should agree on the usage scenarios for rebase and force push.Don't force push to a remote branch that's in use by others, since their local version of the remote branch will no longer match the updated remote branch history.After a rebase, your local branch will no longer match the history of its remote counterpart. Don't rebase a local branch that's been pushed and shared with others, unless you're certain no one is using the shared branch.Git rebase and force push are powerful tools, but keep these guidelines in mind when deciding whether to use them: In this scenario, a force push will succeed-by overwriting the remote branch. That command will fail after a rebase because the rebase alters the sequence of existing commits in your local target branch, so it no longer matches the history of its remote counterpart. The default Git push command applies a fast-forward merge to integrate your local branch into the remote branch. If you rebase a local branch that you've previously pushed, and then run the default Git push command again, the push will fail. By rebasing, you implement your new feature on top of the most recent main branch work, which helps maintain a linear commit history.įor more information on Git rebase and when to use it, see Rebase vs merge. That strategy helps ensure that you stay aware of recent work by others and promptly resolve any merge conflicts that arise. If you're the only person working on a feature or bugfix branch, consider using a rebase to periodically integrate recent main branch work into it. When you want a record of a merge in the commit history, use a no-fast-forward merge. Git rebasing results in a simpler but less exact commit history than a no-fast-forward merge, otherwise known as a three-way or true merge. You can resolve merge conflicts during a rebase in the same way that you resolve merge conflicts during a merge. In the preceding diagram, commit K' contains the same changes as K, but has a new commit ID because it links back to commit E instead of C.ĭuring a rebase, if a source branch change conflicts with a target branch change, Git will prompt you to resolve the merge conflict. Notably, Git rebase changes the sequence of the existing target branch commits, which isn't the case for the other merge strategies. Another way to view it is that a rebase replays the changes in your target branch on top of the source branch history. Git rebase resequences the commit history of the target branch so that it contains all source branch commits, followed by all target branch commits since the last common commit. For comparison, Git rebase and other merge types are shown in the following diagram. Git rebase integrates commits from a source branch into your current local branch (target branch). Interactive rebase to squash local commitsįor an overview of the Git workflow, see Azure Repos Git tutorial.Force push your local branch after a rebase. ![]() ![]() ![]() This way, I also count as constructive resistance initiatives that remain small and do not advance beyond exemplifying an alternative or providing inspiration for others. Creating alternatives can be resistance without having to facilitate anything that looks like more traditional or well-known forms of resistance. Secondly, I think it is an unnecessary limitation to speak about the construction as something that “facilitates” resistance as others have suggested. The definition suggested here does not include anything about “institutions” in the definition, making it possible to include unorganized and individual acts as constructive resistance. ![]() This said, not everything that can be included in the definition of constructive resistance is equally interesting for academics and practitioners focused on radical social change. If one generally has a broad concept of resistance, then it also follows logically that the concept of constructive resistance should be broad. I embrace an inclusive definition of resistance and want to emphasize that constructive resistance happens along a continuum and can change significantly over time, making it difficult to judge when something has become “enough resistance” to be included. In order to be open-minded towards the phenomenon of constructive resistance, this definition is deliberately rather generous towards what can be considered both resistance and construction. Constructive resistance does not exclude conventional forms for protests, boycotts and civil disobedience, but focuses on creating, building, carrying out and experimenting with what is considered desirable. The constructive element can be either concrete or symbolic, and ranges from initiatives that aim to inspire others to actions that partly replace or lead to the collapse of the dominant way of behaving and thinking. These structures of power can be the state, corporate power or patriarchy, but is not limited to these. Resistance can be either an implicit or explicitly outspoken critique of structures of power upholding the status quo. In order to be considered “constructive resistance,” they necessarily have to be both constructive and provide a form of resistance, but there is a huge variety within both concepts. They can act alone, but usually constructive resistance is carried out by groups. I suggest a broad definition which says that constructive resistance occurs when people start to build the society they desire independently of structures of power. However, I have settled on an approach that focuses on the two elements of “construction” and “resistance.” Other possible approaches are whether the alternatives are legal or not, or to what degree people themselves frame their alternatives as resistance. It covers areas regarding the fulfillment of basic needs, communication, economic concerns and decision making structures. Constructive resistance can be carried out by many actors, from individuals, small associations and local communities to national organizations or organized global networks. It is possible to study constructive resistance from many different perspectives, such as the level of organization behind them or the areas they cover. In the anarchist and Marxists traditions and social movement literature, a related notion is prefigurative politics. Within peace and conflict studies, this has been approached through Gandhi’s concept of the constructive program. These are initiatives that not only criticize, protest, object, and undermine what is considered undesirable and wrong, but also simultaneously acquire, create, built, cultivate and experiment with what people need in the present moment - or what they would like to see replacing dominant structures or power relations. An overall term for these efforts is “constructive resistance,” which covers initiatives in which people start to build the society they desire independently of the dominant structures already in place. Some modes of resistance build and experiment with alternatives to the present in various forms, from the small to the large, the hidden to the open. ![]() ![]() People living in systems of domination and exploitation resist in many different ways. This review originally appeared in the “Journal of Resistance Studies.” For more book reviews and peer reviewed articles, subscribe to the journal. ![]() |